Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) But in the social field the world has been left behind by the revolutionary progress of the science.
B) Sociology can help us understanding the underlying causes and tensions.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Analysis of mass persuasion or propaganda and of public opinion has been one of its major interests.
B) General sociology is an attempt discover the general social laws which may be derived from the specialized social processes.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) General sociology is an attempt discover the general social laws which may be derived from the specialized social processes.
B) General sociology is an attempt to discover the general social laws which may derived from the specialized social processes.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Max Weber combines two schools of thought – i.e. historical and systematic and he adds something more.
B) Max Weber combine two schools of thought – i.e. historical and systematic and he adds something more.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Social physiology concerned with such dynamics processes as religion, morals, law, economic and political aspects, each of which may be the subject matter of a special discipline.
B) Social physiology is concerned with such dynamics processes as religion, morals, law, economic and political aspects, each of which may be the subject matter of a special discipline.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Social physiology is concerned with such dynamics processes as religion, morals, law, economic and political aspects, each of which may be the subject matter of a special discipline.
B) Analysis of mass persuasion or propaganda and of public opinion has been one of its major interests.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Social processes refer to the study of various modes of interactions between individuals or groups include cooperation and conflict, social differentiation and integration, development and decay.
B) Social processes refer to the study various modes of interactions between individuals or groups including cooperation and conflict, social differentiation and integration, development and decay.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Social psychology seeks to understand human motivation and behavior as they are determined by society and its values. It studies the socialization process of the individual how he becomes a member of society- it also studies the public, crowd, the mob and various other social groupings and movements.
B) Social psychology seek understand human motivation and behavior as they are determined by society and its values. It studies the socialization process of the individual how he becomes a member of society- it also studies the public, crowd, the mob and various other social groupings and movements.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Sociology of education studies the objectives of the school as a social institution, its curriculum and extracurricular activities and its relationship to the community and its other institutions.
B) Sociology of education studies the objectives of the school as social institution, its curriculum and extracurricular activities and its relationship to the community and its other institutions.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Sociology of law concern itself with formalized social control or with the processes whereby members of a group achieve uniformity in their behavior through the rules and regulations imposed upon them by society.
B) Sociology of law concerns itself with formalized social control or with the processes whereby members of a group achieve uniformity in their behavior through the rules and regulations imposed upon them by society.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Sociology of religion studies the church as a social institution inquiring into its origin, development and forms as well as into changes in its structure and function.
B) Sociology of law concerns itself with formalized social control or with the processes whereby members of a group achieve uniformity in their behavior through the rules and regulations imposed upon them by society.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Sorokin has referred the main currents of recent sociological thoughts in the following four branches of sociology-cosmo-sociology, bio-sociology, general sociology and special sociologies.
B) According to Sorokin, some of the most developed sociologies are Sociology of population, rural sociology, sociology of law, sociology of religion, sociology of knowledge, sociology of fine arts and many others.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Special sociologies study a specific socio-cultural phenomenon which is selected for a detailed study.
B) Social physiology is concerned with such dynamics processes as religion, morals, law, economic and political aspects, each of which may be the subject matter of a special discipline.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Special sociologies study a specific socio-cultural phenomenon which is selected for a detailed study.
B) According to Sorokin, some of the most developed sociologies are Sociology of population, rural sociology, sociology of law, sociology of religion, sociology of knowledge, sociology of fine arts and many others.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Special sociologies study a specific socio-cultural phenomenon which is selected for a detailed study.
B) Sorokin has referred to the main currents recent sociological thoughts in the following four branches of sociology-cosmo-sociology, bio-sociology, general sociology and special sociologies.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) The sociologies of law, economics and religion are the special sociologies which are part of both systematic and historical methods of study.
B) Max Weber combines two schools of thought – i.e. historical and systematic and he adds something more.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) A criminal is someone who has become publicly associated with commission of crime.
B) Crime is behavior that violates criminal law. It can be defined through laws, through official police reports of crime, or through victimization surveys of persons who have been involved in crime but perhaps not involved with the police department.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) A social system consists of a purity of individual actor’s interacting with each other in a situation which has at least a physical or environmental aspect, actors are motivated in terms of tendency to the optimization of gratification and whose relations to the situation including each other are defined and motivated in terms of system of culturally structured and shaped symbols.
B) A social system consist of a purity of individual actor’s interacting with each other in a situation which has at least a physical or environmental aspect, actors are motivated in terms of tendency to the optimization of gratification and whose relations to the situation including each other are defined and motivated in terms of system of culturally structured and shaped symbols.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) A student who become interested in a subject may wonder what possibilities it holds for a career.
B) A combination of courses which constitutes an undergraduate minor or major in sociology is not in itself preparation for a professional career as a sociologist.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) According Pareto sociology tries to study the logical and illogical aspects of actions.
B) Every social action has two aspect one is its reality and other is its form.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Adaptation refers to the need for the production or acquisition of generalized facilities or resources that can be employed in the attainment of various specific goals.
B) Goal attainment involves the necessity of mobilizing actors and resources in organized ways for the attainment of specific goals.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Authority is power legitimize by tradition, charisma or rational-legal institutions.
B) States differ primarily in how equally they distribute political power and how much of the society affairs they try control. They also have important differences in ideology.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) But in the social field the world been left behind by the revolutionary progress of the science.
B) The world is divide politically giving rise to stress and conflict. Men have failed to bring in peace.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Conflict theory traces the origin of criminal behavior to class conflict between the powerful and the weak and sees criminals as reasonable individuals forced by circumstance to break laws in order to regain some of what has been taken from them or denied to them by an exploitative system.
B) Functionalist theory proposes that deviance enhances feelings of unity within a society and helps define and redefine the norms.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Crime is behavior that violates criminal law. It can be defined through laws, through official police reports of crime, or through victimization surveys of persons who have been involved in crime but perhaps not involved with the police department.
B) The mentally ill not only are treat as deviants but are feared. The fact that society treats them in this way increases their chances of being deviant in the future.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Deviance is behaviour that violates the norms of the social group in which the behavior occurs where as a deviant is one who is characterized as a violator of a norm.
B) Deviance is behaviour that violates the norms social group in which the behavior occurs where as a deviant is one who is characterized as a violator of a norm.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Differential association and cultural transmission theories propose that deviance a natural outgrowth of a person's contacts during socialization and can be a part of a subculture that can be transmitted indefinitely.
B) Conflict theory traces the origin of criminal behavior to class conflict between the powerful and the weak and sees criminals as reasonable individuals forced by circumstance to break laws in order to regain some of what has been taken from them or denied to them by an exploitative system.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Durkheim believed that an absence of clear norms for a society or an individual might create a social setting in which deviance will occur.
B) Social -control theory argues that deviance is largely a matter of failed social controls. Merton believes that the strain between the norms that define socially appropriate goals and the norms that specify socially appropriate means for attaining these goals creates an atmosphere in which deviance will appear.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Durkheim was also deeply preoccupied with the acceptance sociology as a legitimate science. He refined the positivism originally set forth by Auguste Comte, promoting what could be considered as a form of epistemological realism, as well as the use of the hypothetico-deductive model in social science.
B) Durkheim was also deeply preoccupied with the acceptance of sociology as a legitimate science. He refine the positivism originally set forth by Auguste Comte, promoting what could be considered as a form of epistemological realism, as well as the use of the hypothetico-deductive model in social science.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Emotional actions: In terms of effectual orientation especially emotional determined by the specific affects and state of feeling of the actors.
B) According Pareto sociology tries to study the logical and illogical aspects of actions. Every social action has two aspects one is its reality and other is its form.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Engaging in deviant behaviour do not automatically lead to a deviant reputation or self-image.
B) Durkheim believe that an absence of clear norms for a society or an individual might create a social setting in which deviance will occur.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Every social system is confront with 4 functional problems. These problems are those of pattern maintenance, integration, goal attainment and adaptation.
B) Every social system is confronted with 4 functional problem. These problems are those of pattern maintenance, integration, goal attainment and adaptation.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Functionalist theory proposes that deviance enhances feelings of unity within a society and helps define and redefine the norms.
B) Labeling theory concentrates on the reactions of others to deviance and studies which offenders are likely to be punished rather than which are likely to commit deviant acts.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Goal attainment involves the necessity of mobilizing actors and resources in organize ways for the attainment of specific goals.
B) Integration refers to the allocation of rights and obligations, rewards and facilities to ensure the harmony of relations between members of the social system.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Human culture has been made richer by the contribution of sociology.
B) The social phenomenon is now understood in the light of scientific knowledge and enquiry.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) In every kind of action even overt action is social in the sense of the present discussions.
B) Overt action is non social if it is oriented solely to the behaviour of the inanimate objects.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) In the professions like in medicine and law there is some scope for sociology as they give better perspective to the students.
B) Undergraduate majors and minors are use mainly as background preparation for other careers. In social work the better jobs demand a graduate degree in social work and a strong post graduate degree in social work/sociology is usually recommended.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Integration refers to the allocation of rights and obligations, rewards and facilities to ensure the harmony of relations between members of the social system.
B) Pattern maintenance refers to the need to maintain and reinforce the basic values of the social system and resolve tensions that emerge from continuous commitment to these values.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Labeling theory concentrate on the reactions of others to deviance and studies which offenders are likely to be punished rather than which are likely to commit deviant acts.
B) Deterrence theory suggest that deviance increases as the perceived risk of being punished decreases and that people are more likely to be deviant if they think of themselves as deviant.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Much of Durkheim's work was concerned with how societies could maintain their integrity and coherence in modernity; an era in which traditional social and religious ties are no longer assumed, and in which new social institutions have come into being.
B) Much of Durkheim's work was concern with how societies could maintain their integrity and coherence in modernity; an era in which traditional social and religious ties are no longer assumed, and in which new social institutions have come into being.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Once the process of the social action develops the symbols and the signs acquire general meaning.
B) Personality system: This aspect of the system of social action is responsible for the needs for fulfillment of which the man makes effort and performs certain actions.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Personality system: This aspect of the system of social action is responsible to the needs for fulfillment of which the man makes effort and performs certain actions.
B) Various elements of the situation come to have several meanings for ego as signs or symbols which become relevant to the organization of his expectation system.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Reality involves the actual existence of the thing and the form is the way the phenomenon presents itself to the human mind. The first is called the objective and the other is called subjective aspects.
B) Social action in order to be really social has to be oriented to the behaviour of other animate things as well.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Relationship with the action of others: No action shall be called a social action unless it has relationship with the present, past or future behaviour of others.
B) Social action includes both failures to act and possess acquiescence, may be oriented to the past, present or accepted further behaviour of others.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Secondary schools/colleges present some demand for sociology teachers.
B) Undergraduate majors and minors are useful mainly as background preparation for other careers. In social work the better jobs demand a graduate degree in social work and a strong post graduate degree in social work/sociology is usually recommended.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Social -control theory argues that deviance is largely a matter of failed social controls. Merton believe that the strain between the norms that define socially appropriate goals and the norms that specify socially appropriate means for attaining these goals creates an atmosphere in which deviance will appear.
B) Differential association and cultural transmission theories propose that deviance is a natural outgrowth of a person's contacts during socialization and can be a part of a subculture that can be transmitted indefinitely.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Social action includes both failures to act and possess acquiescence, may be oriented to the past, present or accepted further behaviour of others.
B) Social action includes both failures to act and possess acquiescence, may be orient to the past, present or accepted further behaviour of others.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Social systems tend to differentiate these problems so as increase the functional capabilities of the system. Such differentiation is held to constitute a major verification of the fourfold functionalist schema.
B) It also provides the framework within which are examined the plural interchanges that occur between structurally differentiated units to provide them with the inputs they require in the performance of their functions and to enable them to dispose of the outputs they produce.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Sociology according to Weber is not merely confined to study of social action. It is an interpretative understanding of the social action.
B) Emotional actions: In terms of effectual orientation especially emotional determined by the specific affects and state of feeling of the actors.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Sociology has a strong appeal to all types of mind through its direct bearing upon many of the initial problems of the present world.
B) Sociology has a strong appeal to all types mind through its direct bearing upon many of the initial problems of the present world.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) States differ primarily in how equally they distribute political power and how much of the society affairs they try to control. They also have important differences in ideology.
B) Hegemony is the situation in which one nation maintains a position of leadership or dominance over other nations.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) The major function of the state are to arbitrate disputes between private parties to contribute to social control of the society to serve as the agent of antisocial relations, to provide planning and direction for the society and increasingly in recent times to provide for the welfare of those unable to care for them.
B) The major functions of the state are to arbitrate disputes between private parties to contribute to social control of the society to serve as the agent of antisocial relations, to provide planning and direction for the society and increasingly in recent times to provide for the welfare of those unable to care for them.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) The mentally ill not only are treated as deviants but are feared. The fact that society treats them in this way increases their chances of being deviant in the future.
B) Deviance is behavior that violates the norms of the social group in which the behavior occurs where as a deviant is one who is characterized as a violator of a norm.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) The origins of the state are partly hidden because many of the first states emerged in pre-historic times. Simple societies exist without states.
B) Power, the ability to realize one's will in a communal action even against the resistance of others rest either on the threat of physical force or the ability to offer valuable contingent upon compliance with commands.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) The social phenomenon is now understand in the light of scientific knowledge and enquiry.
B) The progress made by physical sciences has brought the nations of the world nearer to each other.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) The state is the institution that monopolizes legitimate power in a territory through the establishment of its major features: courts, official leaders, written laws and taxation.
B) But conflict theory shows that the state to be a tool of the elites in the class struggle.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Various elements of the situation come to have several meanings for ego as signs or symbols which become relevant to the organization of his expectation system.
B) Once the process of the social action develops the symbols and the signs acquire general meaning.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) White-collar crime is crime committed by a person of responsibility and high social status in the course of his or her occupation. It differs from conventional crime in that the victims may be unaware of the crime and the offender may not view himself as a criminal.
B) White-collar crime is crime committed a person of responsibility and high social status in the course of his or her occupation. It differs from conventional crime in that the victims may be unaware of the crime and the offender may not view himself as a criminal.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Worship before an idol or worship in a lonely place is not a social action.
B) Reality involves the actual existence of the thing and the form are the way the phenomenon presents itself to the human mind.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A)David Émile Durkheim (French pronunciation: [eˈmil dyʀˈkɛm]) (April 15, 1858 – November 15, 1917) was a French sociologist. He formally established the academic discipline and, with Karl Marx and Max Weber, is commonly cited as the principal architect of modern social science and father sociology.
B) David Émile Durkheim (French pronunciation: [eˈmil dyʀˈkɛm]) (April 15, 1858 – November 15, 1917) was a French sociologist. He formally established the academic discipline and, with Karl Marx and Max Weber, is commonly cited as the principal architect of modern social science and father of sociology.
A sociologist is one who has earned advanced degrees or pursued other advanced studies in sociology and ____________ teaching, research or other professional work in the field of sociology.
According to Peter Berger a society _________ our movements but shapes our identity, our thought and our emotions.
According ____ A.V.Sergejchuk’s opinion subject of sociology of management is social systems with a hierarchical characteristics of the organization.
As social beings, individuals learn when and where it is appropriate to say certain things, to use certain words, _____ discuss certain topics or wear certain clothes, and when it is not.
As the whole range of behaviours may _____ included, sociologists have offered the following definition:” Social norms are rules developed by a group of people that specify how people must, should, may, should not, and must not behave in various situations.”
Authority is ____________, charisma or rational-legal institutions.
But conflict theory shows that the state ___________ of the elites in the class struggle.
City states emerged with the invention of agriculture. As technology expands, ________________.
Conflict theory traces the origin of criminal behaviour to class conflict between the powerful and the weak and sees criminals as reasonable ______________ in order to regain some of what has been taken from them or denied to them by an exploitative system.
Deterrence theory suggests that deviance increases as the perceived risk of being punished decreases and that people ___________ if they think of themselves as deviant.
Deterrence theory suggests that deviance increases as the perceived risk _____________ and that people are more likely to be deviant if they think of themselves as deviant.
Differential association and cultural transmission theories propose that deviance is a natural outgrowth of a person's contacts during socialization and ____________ that can be transmitted indefinitely.
Elite or managerial theory is sometimes called a state-centered approach. It explains what the state does by looking at constraints from organizational structure, semiautonomous state managers, and interests that arise from the state as ____ unique, power concentrating organization.
Elite or managerial theory is sometimes called ___ state-centered approach.
Every culture and society has distinctive norms governing ______ is called appropriate behaviour.
Functionalist theory proposes that ____________ within a society and helps define and redefine the norms.
Hegemony is the situation in which one nation maintains a position of leadership or ____________.
Human culture has ______ made richer by the contribution of sociology.
Human life and a society almost go _________. Man cannot live without society. Man is biologically and psychologically equipped to live in groups, in a society.
In a specialized society we are all limited as to the amount _____ the whole organization and culture that we can experience directly.
In order to have insight into and appreciation of the motives by which others live and the conditions ______ which they exist knowledge of sociology is essential.
In order _____ have insight into and appreciation of the motives by which others live and the conditions under which they exist knowledge of sociology is essential.
In organizations workers must cope _____ a formal system of rules and regulations. Finally, the government of every society legislates and enforces social norms.
In the nineteenth century the development of representative institutions meant the extension ____ suffrage and an increase in the importance of parliament as a device for sharing political power and resolving political conflict.
It is the task of sociology ____ study the social problems through the methods of scientific research and to find out solution to them.
It is through sociology that scientific study of the great social institutions and the relation of the individual _____ each is being made.
Labeling theory concentrates on the reactions of others to deviance and studies which offenders ___________ rather than which are likely to commit deviant acts.
Laws, dress codes, bylaws of organizations, course requirements and rules ____ sports and games all express social norms.
Man cannot live without society. Man is biologically and psychologically __________ in groups, in society.
Man depends on society. It is in the society that an individual is surrounded and encompassed by culture, a societal force. It is in the society again that he ____________, occupy statuses and become members of groups.
Man depends on society. It ____________ that an individual is surrounded and encompassed by culture, a societal force.
Man is a social animal. He lives ____________ and in society. Human life and society almost go together.
Man is biologically and psychologically equipped to live in groups, in society. Society has become ___________ for human life to arise and to continue.
Methods _____ sociology of management combine approaches not only sociological research, but also campaigns of other sciences.
Moreover, joint ventures ____________ in our country need specialists with profound knowledge of foreign languages like English, German or French.
Most of us respect and accept basic social norms and assume that others will do _____ same.
New ideas such as sovereignty had to be invented ____________.
Norms generally are the rules and regulations that groups live _____.
Object ____ sociology of management is the administrative processes which take place in a society and considered here from the point of view of the system approach, as a set constantly co-operating and making influence on each other subsystems.
Only human beings are capable of elaborate symbolic communication and of structuring their behaviour in terms _____ abstract preferences that we have called values. Norms are the means through which values are expressed in behaviour.
Pluralism sees politics primarily as ___ contest among competing interest groups.
Private high schools _________ than public high schools and students who graduate from private schools are much more likely to enter colleges and universities than public school graduates are.
Promoting social and political integration is ___________ of education because it transforms a population composed of different racial, ethnic, and religious groups into a society whose members share a common identity.
Research and innovations ________ living, working conditions of our people.
Social -control theory argues that deviance is largely _______________.
Social control occurs on all levels ______ society.
Social norms are neither static nor universal; they change with respect to time and vary _____ respect to culture, social classes, and social groups.
Social norms are neither static nor universal; they change with respect _____ time and vary with respect to culture, social classes, and social groups.
Social norms are neither static _____ universal; they change with respect to time and vary with respect to culture, social classes, and social groups.
Social norms are the explicit or implicit rules specifying what behaviours are acceptable within _____ society or group.
Society has become an essential condition _________ and to continue.
Society ___________ because of the agreement entered into by the individuals. The classical representatives of this school of thought are Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Rousseau.
Sociology concentrates its study upon the group life of human beings and the product ___________.
Sociology does not claim to be a potentially all-inclusive and all-sufficing science ____ society which might absorb the more specialized social sciences.
Sociology does not claim to ______ a potentially all-inclusive and all-sufficing science of society which might absorb the more specialized social sciences.
Sociology has been instrumental ____ changing our attitude towards human beings.
Sociology involves scientific study of human social life, groups and societies, identifying the importance of social forces ____ understanding our individual lives and their social contexts.
Sociology involves scientific study ______ human social life, groups and societies, identifying the importance of social forces for understanding our individual lives and their social contexts.
Sociology is a distinct social science, but it is not _____ isolated social science as the current trends indicate that every social science is depending more and more on inter-disciplinary approach.
Sociology is a science about a society as complete system and about social institutions, processes, social groups, relations between a person and a society, laws ___ people mass behaviour.
Sociology is interested in the way groups interact ________ and in the processes and institutions which they develop.
Sociology of management allows us to see management with the eyes ____ the sociologist.
Sociology studies these institutions and their role in the development of the individual and suggests suitable measures ______ strengthening them with a view to enable them to serve the individual better.
States differ primarily in how equally they distribute political power and how much __________ they try to control. They also have important differences in ideology.
Subject ___ sociology of management is the evaluation, studying, perfection of managerial processes in various types of social societies, the social organizations, the social institutes, all society, each of which represents specific system of social interactions of people and their groups.
The careless use of the term sociologist is very common. Magazine and newspaper writers, social workers, labour leaders, government officials, social critics, etc. _________ incorrectly as a sociologist.
The home and family, the school and education, the church and religion, the state and government, industry and work, the community and association, these are institutions through _______ society functions.
The late origin of sociology does not mean that its standing as compared _____ other social sciences is very weak. Its scope has been clearly demarcated right from the early days.
The late origin ______ sociology does not mean that its standing as compared with other social sciences is very weak. Its scope has been clearly demarcated right from the early days.
The major functions of the state ___________ between private parties to contribute to social control of the society to serve as the agent of intersocial relations, to provide planning and direction for the society and increasingly in recent times to provide for the welfare of those unable to care for them.
The management sociology is the boundary synthetic science studying sociological aspect ____ administrative activity.
The origins of the state __________ because many of the first states emerged in pre-historic times. Simple societies exist without states.
The present world is suffering from many problems which can ______ solved through scientific study of the society.
The question of the relationship between the individual and the society is the starting point of many discussions. It is closely connected with ____________ of a man and society.
The question of the relationship between the individual and the society is _________ many discussions. It is closely connected with the question of the relationship of man and society.
The question of the relationship between the individual and the society is ___________ many discussions.
The relationship between an individual and a society is ultimately one of the profound of all the problems of social philosophy. It is more philosophical rather than sociological because it ____________.
The relationship between an individual and a society is ultimately ___________ the problems of social philosophy. It is more philosophical rather than sociological because it involves the question of values.
The role of foreign languages is also increasing today. ___________ of foreign languages one can read books, magazines in the original, talk to foreigners, translate various technical articles.
The scientific study of human affairs will provide the body of knowledge and principles that will enable us _____ control the conditions of social life and improve them.
The significance of learning in behaviour varies from species to species and is closely linked ______ processes of communication.
The social contract theory throws light on the origin of the society.___________ all men are born free and equal.
The social phenomenon is now understood in the light ____ scientific knowledge and enquiry.
The sociologist is ___________ customs, traditions and values which emerge from group living and in the way group living is in turn affected by these customs, traditions and values.
The state is the institution that monopolizes legitimate power in a territory through the establishment ______________: courts, official leaders, written laws and taxation.
The structures of a society become the structures of our own consciousness. Society ________ at the surface of our skins. We are entrapped by our own social nature.
The term social control refers _____ the techniques and strategies for regulating human behaviour in any society.
The third function of education is maintaining social control. Schoolchildren are introduced to standards of proper conduct in public life; students __________ for what is ahead in their adult lives.
Theorists of the democratic process have therefore had to face the task of making an intellectual contribution to “institution building,” both to strengthen parliament and ____ make possible representation at new points in the political process.
Theorists of the democratic process have therefore had ____ face the task of making an intellectual contribution to “institution building,” both to strengthen parliament and to make possible representation at new points in the political process.
There are _________ regarding the relationship of a man and a society .They is the social contract theory and the organism theory.
Thomas and Meyers point out those contemporary states emerge not in a vacuum _____________ that influence their size and form.
Thus, knowledge about cultural norms is important for impression management, which is an individual's regulation ______ their nonverbal behaviour.
Tracking (or streaming) students into curriculum groups. This refers to the practice _____________ in specific curriculum groups on the basis of intelligence test scores and other criteria.
Very often schools are financed through local property taxes. ________, upper-and middle-class schools get more funding, better facilities, and more experienced teachers than low-class schools do.
We are located in a society ________ but also in time. Our society is an historical entity that extends beyond the temporary life of any individual.
We can hardly know the people _____ other areas.
_____ peer groups we obey informal norms, such as dress codes, that govern the behaviour of members.
_____ the twentieth century the complexities of social structure and of the governmental process have produced a rise in the influence of executive leadership and a decline in the impact of the parliamentary process.
_______ each generation of young people studies the existing beliefs, norms, and values of a distinctive culture. They learn respect for social control and established social institutions, such as religion, the family, and government.
_________ a society confronts us as an objective fact. Society is external to us. It encompasses our entire life.
__________ is absolutely necessary for every educated person, for good specialists. Our country is transferring to a market economy.
___________ pattern our actions and even shape our expectations.
A concept is a category of behaviour, events or characteristics that __________ for the sake of theory construction.
A counterculture is a subculture whose norms and values ________ from but in conflict with those of the dominant culture.
A group is a set of people recurrently interacting in a structured way __________ shared expectations about each other's behaviour.
A primary group is based on intimate, ___________ whereas a secondary group is less cohesive, more formal and less supportive of members.
A proposition is a statement ________ one concept by means of another.
A small group is a collection of people who meet more or less regularly in face to face interaction who possess a common identity or exclusiveness of purpose and who share a set of standards governing their activities. Their structure __________ - public and explicit or informal private and implicit depending on the needs of the group members.
A small group is a collection of people who meet __________ in face to face interaction who possess a common identity or exclusiveness of purpose and who share a set of standards governing their activities.
A sociological issue __________ with a theory or general explanation of a social phenomenon.
A subculture is the culture of a subgroup of society that adopts norms that ____________ the dominant group; for instance persons who live in a Chinatown but are integrated into the life of the city as a whole.
A survey is a research method in which a representative sample of a population is asked __________ to questions.
Affectional action (also known as emotional actions): actions which are taken due _____ one's emotions, to express personal feelings. For examples, cheering after a victory, crying at a funeral would be affectional actions.
An experiment ______________ the researcher exposes a group of subjects to a treatment and observes its effect usually in comparison to a similar control group that did not receive the treatment.
Analysis of existing sources is a research technique in which the researcher uses existing documents that were created for some other purpose. This research generally costs ____________ allows access to otherwise unavailable subjects and to date over long periods of time and involves data that is not influenced by the interviewer.
Auguste Comte was the French scientist who gave sociology its name and promoted _________.
Auguste Comte was the French scientist who ___________ the scientific study of society.
Bureaucracies are large-scale, formal organizations that are highly differentiated and organized through elaborate policies and procedures ______________.
Bureaucracy allows a society to accomplish large and complicated tasks, provides an efficient means for repetitive tasks and ______________.
Documents used however may be biased toward their original purpose and thus distort the true picture ________________. In an observational study the researcher actually witness social behaviour in its natural setting either as a participant or an unobtrusive observer.
Emile Durkheim also promoted sociology as a science and structural -functionalism as a perspective with his emphasis on social facts __________ -for example in his classic study, Suicide.
Emile Durkheim also promoted sociology as a science and structural -functionalism as a perspective with his emphasis on social facts ______________ - for example in his classic study, Suicide.
Emotion is often neglected because of concepts at the core ______ exchange theory.
Emotions are one's feelings in response _____ a certain situation.
Even numbered groups are more characterized by disagreement and conflict than ___________.
Experiments can demonstrate clearly that ___________ the subject group because the researcher retains maximum control over the circumstances of the research.
George Herbert Mead focused on how we use symbols, _________ and how our use of symbols influences our social development and social life.
Group decision-making _________ individual, but group decisions tend to be more accurate.
Group opinion ____________ individual behaviour and judgment toward that of the group.
Groups first orient themselves, evaluate control the expression of negative and positive reactions and then achieve solidarity _____________.
Groups generally reward members who ________ their norms. Group opinion strongly influences individual behavior and judgment toward that of the group.
Groups generally reward members_____________________.
Herbert Spencer extended his work developing the idea that society was an organic whole ______________ like the human body- the beginnings of structural-functionalism.
Herbert Spencer extended his work developing the idea ______________ that could be studied much like the human body- the beginnings of structural-functionalism.
Homan's exchange theory states that _____________ and minimize costs in social transactions and will conform to the group under these conditions.
However experiments are very expensive. Sometimes an aspect of __________ the treatment is the real cause of the experiment's outcome but this goes unnoticed and the artificiality of many experimental settings makes generalizing to natural settings risky.
However people may try to answer questions as they think the survey interviewer ____________ the results of the research.
However sociologists ____________ of such social characteristics as group pressure, authority, prestige and culture. They then form images of these concepts.
If we seek to discover why racial groups sometimes live in harmony and sometimes not so, we may use the concept of racial harmony _______ the differing ways of relating.
In principle every member of the population has an equal chance __________ so the survey should give an accurate representation of the views of a population.
In simple societies kinship organizes people's lives around families and relatives. Such societies might change rather slowly __________ modern postindustrial society.
In some cases, groups seek concurrence so strongly that groupthink occurs, creating a situation in which alternatives are not viewed realistically but only _________ the group members happy with each other.
It is often difficult _____ be productive in society because of the unfulfilled life. Emotion is often neglected because of concepts at the core of exchange theory.
Karl Marx was the first major proponent of the conflict perspective. He believed that inequality between class causes conflict between groups of people and that ____________ the needs of all the people. Max Weber's analysis of the major dynamics of society and social change provides the foundations for much of the sociological theory and research of our time.
Karl Marx was the first major proponent of the conflict perspective. He believed that inequality between class _____________ and that society must change in order to fulfill the needs of all the people.
Man depends on a society. ___________ that an individual is surrounded and encompassed by culture, a societal force. It is in the society again that he has to conform to the norms, occupy statuses and become members of groups.
Modern societies ________ by the growth of such organizations and the reduction of primary groups.
People in a group are sometimes willing to make decisions _____________ they would alone.
People who have supportive primary group relationships also _________
Practitioners of this approach often focus on interaction among individuals in contrast to the other perspective __________ social institutions.
Robert Merton suggests that working in a bureaucracy ____________ tends to entangle workers in rules, reinforcing timid and rigid attitudes among them.
Social norms grow out _____ social value and both serve to differentiate human social behaviour of from that of other species.
Social support __________ to significantly increase an individual's satisfaction with life, promote health and well-being of individuals and reduce the effects of stress in a person's life.
Sociological subjects can give us important information but their information can _____ distorted.
Sociologists must decide whether their own views will influence their research and theory development, ________ believing that knowledge is neutral or that value neutrality is either naive or a rationalization for the fact that one is working for the elite because most sociological research is funded by and disproportionately available to powerful elites.
Sociology developed _____________ and intellectual upheaval surrounding the Industrial Revolution of the 19th century.
Sociology faces the challenge of working with human beings and their social groupings because people have rights that limit what we can do with them while we _________ them.
Some sociologists believe that cultural universals or traits ___________ exist. Others suggest that each culture should be studied only in relation to itself and not be judged by an external cultural standard or by a universal standard a stance known as cultural relativism.
Structural-functionalism assumes that order is dominant in society and that social arrangements arise and persist because they serve ________________.
The advantage of this study is that research is accomplished by directly observing subjects' behaviour thus permitting access to nonverbal as well as verbal behaviour. Observation also ____________ rather than at one point.
The behaviour is defined as indicating harmony exists. We would then state our theory in propositions for example different racial groups will live in harmony in situations where enough work exists for all groups ___________.
The conflict approach assumes the dominant process in society is conflict and that society ____________ the masses and small elite who exploit them.
The conflict approach points out that prevailing definition of beauty, justice and truth may serve the elites at the expense of the masses with ____________ and imposed on the masses by the ruling class.
The ecological approach shows how societies adapt culture to their physical environment ____________ thus making it a sub form of the functional approach.
The evolutionary approach views culture as developing through a series of stages toward forms that are increasingly well suited to the environment ________ in the culture's basic tools or technology.
The nature of ____________ often depends on its central person. As groups grow, they are likely to develop formal structures that are increasingly elaborate.
The relationship between an individual and a society is ultimately one of the profound of all the problems of social philosophy. It is more philosophical ____________ because it involves the question of values.
The subject matter of sociology is ________ or not directly observable.
The symbolic - interaction perspective assumes that the important action in society takes place _____________ that channel our thoughts and thereby define what is socially comprehensible and incomprehensible.
The term "norms" covers an exceedingly wide range _____ behaviour.
There are six features that are used to define emotions: intentional objects, valence, cognitive antecedents, physiological arousal, action tendencies, and lastly physiological expressions. These six concepts were identified _____ Aristotle and are still the topic of several talks.
There are six features that are used ______ define emotions: intentional objects, valence, cognitive antecedents, physiological arousal, action tendencies, and lastly physiological expressions.
Three branches of sociology grew from roots in three interest groups: social activists a new breed of scientists dedicated to applying the scientific approach to society and ____________ humanity's social nature.
Three conditions are necessary for the rise of bureaucracy: a money economy, ____________ and a large population base.
Wright Mills has called the sociological imagination taking into account the influence _________ their own society as an outsider might.
___________ in the degree of complexity whether they are focused around kinship or institutions and the pace of change.
___________ that people try to maximize rewards and minimize costs in social transactions and will conform to the group under these conditions.
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