Являются ли предложения сложными?
А) As a tradition, Christianity is more than a system of religious belief.
В) It also has generated a culture, a set of ideas and ways of life, practices, and artifacts that have been handed down from generation to generation through the 20 centuries since Jesus first became the object of faith.
Являются ли предложения сложными?
А) Christianity may incorporate, along with such believers, their doctrines, customs, and historical episodes.
В) To say that Christianity “focuses” on Jesus Christ is to say that, whatever else it comprehends, somehow it brings these realities together in reference to an ancient historic figure.
Являются ли предложения сложными?
А) A person is in a process of continuous change, with no fixed underlying entity.
В) CHRISTIANITY is the major religion, stemming from the life, teachings, and death of Jesus of Nazareth (the Christ, or the Anointed One of God) in the 1st century AD.
Являются ли предложения сложными?
А) According to the Buddha, reality, whether of external things or the psychophysical totality of human individuals, consists in a succession and concatenation of microseconds called dhammas.
В) The Buddha departed from the main lines of traditional Indian thought in not asserting an essential or ultimate reality in things.
Являются ли предложения сложными?
А) Christianity is thus both a living tradition of faith and the culture that the faith leaves behind as a kind of deposit.
В) The agent of Christianity is the church, the community of people who make up the body of believers.
Являются ли предложения сложными?
А) Few Christians would be content to keep this reference merely historical.
В) Although their faith tradition is historical—i.e., they believe that transactions with the divine do not occur in the realm of timeless ideas but among ordinary humans through theages—the vast majority of Christians focus their faith in Jesus Christ as someone who is also a present reality.
Являются ли предложения сложными?
А) In this context, faith refers both to the believers' act of trust and to the content of their faith.
В) That tradition, viewed as a system of belief and behaviour, leads people to see Christianity as one of the world religions, alongside Hinduism, Buddhism, Islām, and others.
Являются ли предложения сложными?
А) It has become the largest of the world's religions.
В) Geographically the most widely diffused of all faiths, it has a constituency of some 2 billion believers.
Являются ли предложения сложными?
А) It is the impermanence of the object of craving that causes disappointment and sorrow.
В) By following the “path” taught by the Buddha, the individual can dispel the “ignorance” that perpetuates this suffering.
Являются ли предложения сложными?
А) Its largest groups are the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox churches, and the Protestant churches; in addition to these churches there are several independent churches of Eastern Christianity as well as numerous sects throughout the world.
В) At the very least, Christianity is the faith tradition that focuses on the figure of Jesus Christ.
Являются ли предложения сложными?
А) Moreover, contrary to the theories of the Upanishads, the Buddha did not want to assume the existence of the soul as a metaphysical substance, but he admitted the existence of the self as the subject of action in a practical and moral sense.
В) Life is a stream of becoming, a series of manifestations and extinctions.
Являются ли предложения сложными?
А) That complexity is apparent when one tries to envision the more than 22,000 separate churches, sects, and denominations that make up the Christian faith tradition today.
В) To project these separate bodies against the background of their development in the nations of the world is to suggest the bewildering variety.
Являются ли предложения сложными?
А) The Buddha's doctrine was not one of despair.
В) Living amid the impermanence of everything and being themselves impermanent, human beings search for the way of deliverance, for that which shines beyond the transitoriness of human existence—in short, for enlightenment.
Являются ли предложения сложными?
А) The concept of the individual ego is a popular delusion; the objects with which people identify themselves—fortune, social position, family, body, and even mind—are not their true selves.
В) There is nothing permanent, and, if only the permanent deserved to be called the self, or atman, then nothing is self.
Являются ли предложения сложными?
А) There can be no individuality without a putting together of components.
В) This is becoming different, and there can be no way of becoming different withouta dissolution, a passing away.
Являются ли предложения сложными?
А) They may include many other references in their tradition and thus may speak of “God” and “human nature” or of “church” and “world,” but they would not want to be nor would they be called Christian if they did not bring their eyes and attentions first and last to Jesus Christ.
В) While there is something simple about this focus on Jesus as the central figure, there is also something very complicated.
Являются ли предложения сложными?
А) To make clear the concept of no-self (anatman), Buddhists set forth the theory of the five aggregates or constituents (khandhas) of human existence: (1) corporeality or physical forms (rūpa ), (2) feelings or sensations (vedanā ), (3) ideations (saññā ), (4) mental formations or dispositions (sankhāra ), and (5) consciousness (viññāha ).
В) Human existence is only a composite of the five aggregates, none of which is the self or soul.
В предложении Nearly 2,000 years ago, these dharma texts elaborated the social doctrine of the four ashramas (stages of life). выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении While one-sided religious and philosophical works, such as the Upanishads, placed emphasis on renunciation, the dharma texts argued that the householder who maintains his sacred fire, procreates children, and performshis ritual duties well also earns religious merit. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении Also characteristic of Hinduism is the belief in the power of the Brahmans, a priestly class possessing spiritual supremacy by birth. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении Although the status of a householder was often extolled, and some authorities, regarding studentship as a mere preparation, went so far as to brand the other stages as inferior, there were always people who became wandering ascetics immediately after studentship. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении An attempt was made by Buddhist councils in the first centuries after the Buddha's death to establish his true and original teachings. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении As special manifestations of religious power and as bearers and teachers of the Veda, Brahmans are considered to represent the ideal of ritual purity and social prestige. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении At the same time, however, its content has long been practically unknown to most Hindus, and it is seldom drawn upon for literal information or advice. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении For this powerful but insensible fate the Qurhān substituted a powerful but provident and merciful God. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении In the West, the so-called life-negating aspects of Hinduism have often been overemphasized. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении Individuality implies limitation; limitation gives rise to desire; and, inevitably, desire causes suffering, since what is desired is transitory, changing, and perishing. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении It held that a member of the three higher classes should first become a chaste student (brahmachari); then become a married householder (grihastha), discharging his debts to his ancestors by begetting sons and to the gods by sacrificing; then retire (as a vanaprastha), with or without his wife, to the forest to devote himself to spiritual contemplation; and finally, but notmandatorily, become a homeless wandering ascetic (sannyasin). выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении It may be said that the Buddha based his entire teaching on the fact of human suffering. Existence is painful. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении Parts of the Veda are still quoted in essential Hindu rituals, and it is the source of many enduring patterns of Hindu thought. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении Perhaps the defining characteristic of Hindu belief is the recognition of the Veda, the most ancient body of religious literature, as an absolute authority revealing fundamental and unassailable truth. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении Still, it is venerated from a distance by every traditional Hindu, and those Indians who reject its authority (such as Buddhists and Jains) are regarded as unfaithful to their tradition. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении The conditions that make an individual are precisely those that also give rise to suffering. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении The pagan Arabs believed in a blind and inexorable fate over which man had no control. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении The polarity of asceticism and sensuality, which assumed the form of a conflict between the aspiration to liberation and the heartfelt desire to have descendants and continue earthly life, manifested itself in Hindu social life as the tension between the different goals and stages of life. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении The Qurhān carried through its uncompromising monotheism by rejecting all forms of idolatry and eliminating all gods and divinities that the Arabs worshipped in their sanctuaries (harams), the most prominent of which was Kahbah sanctuary in Mecca itself. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении The relative value of an active life and the performance of meritorious works (pravhtti) as opposed to the renunciation of all worldly interests and activity ( nivhtti) was a much-debated issue. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении The situation of the forest dweller was always a delicate compromise that remained problematic on the mythological level and was often omitted or rejected in practical life. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении The teaching attributed to the Buddha was transmitted orally byhis disciples, prefaced by the phrase “evah me sutah” (“thus have I heard”); therefore, it is difficult to say whether his discourses were related as they were spoken. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении The Veda is also regarded as the basis of all the later Shastraic texts used in Hindu doctrine and practice. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении Theorists were inclined to reconcile the divergent views and practices by allowing the ascetic way of lifeto those who are, owing to the effects of restrained conduct in former lives, entirely free from worldly desire, even if they had not gone through the traditional prior stages. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении They usually allude, however, to the place, time, and community where he preached; and there is concordance between various versions. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении This concept is an attempt at harmonizing the conflicting tendencies of Hinduism into one system. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
В предложении This picture of God—wherein the attributes of power, justice, and mercy interpenetrate—is related to the Judeo-Christian tradition, whence it is derived with certain modifications, and also to the concepts of pagan Arabia, to which it provided an effective answer. выделенное слово употреблено в значении:
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: Above all, he is the God of guidance and shows everything, particularly man, the right way, “the straight path.”
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: Friction between Israel and the Arab states has created tension with Islām, while the political stand of Israel and the treatment of theJewish minority within the erstwhile Soviet Union led to open clashes with the Communist leadership.
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: The rights and needs of the world Jewish community, including Israel, have triggered deep conflicts with which Judaism has been involved with the Arab and Communist worlds.
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: Nonetheless, underneath the external secularization there are signs of a persisting deep Jewish religious fervour, in which the sense of history, community, and personal authenticity figure as the intertwined strands of Jewish religious life, especially as it has been affected by the State of Israel.
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: Muslims believe that there are no intermediaries between God and the creation that he brought into being by his sheer command: “Be.”
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: Some of the diatribes and charges that have issued from the Arabs and Communists in this struggle have at times re-evoked older forms of anti-Semitism.
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: Still, signs of major weaknesses persist.
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: Although his presence is believed to be everywhere, he does not inhere in anything.
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: Among Jewish youth there is, in some circles, a quest for tradition. In the United States, Jewish communes have been established that seek new forms of Jewish expression; in Israel, groups such as Mevaqshe Derekh (Seekers of the Way) have tried to bridge secular Israeli culture and Jewish tradition and to maintain traditional Jewish ethical standards even in wartime; in Russia thousands of young people gather on several occasions of the year to dance and sing and express solidarity in front of the synagogues in St. Petersburg and Moscow.
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: But he is also just and merciful: his justice ensures order in his creation, in which nothing is believed to be out of place, and his mercy is unbounded and encompasses everything.
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: He is the sole Creator and sustainer of the universe, wherein every creature bears witness to his unity and lordship.
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: His creating and ordering the universe is viewed as the act of prime mercy for which all things sing his glories.
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: In the long-range view, the problems of Judaismand Islām seem more soluble than those of Judaism and such secular ideologies as Communism, for the major religions of the world are increasingly seeking accommodation with each other, as all are confronted by hostile secularist ideologies which haveretained their conversionary élan.
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: In the United States the open society and the melting pot ideologies of past generations have fostered among many Jews a sense of Jewish identity increasingly devoid of concrete religious, national, or historical content; in Israel a secular nationalism has taken root, raising questions as to the role that Judaism plays in the identity of the average Israeli.
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: Some of the rituals of the Jewish tradition, especially the rites of passage at the crucial stages of individual existence, are almost universally observed; in the United States, for example, more than 80 percent of Jewish children receive some formal religious training.
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: The doctrine about God in the Qurhān is rigorously monotheistic:God is one and unique; he has no partner and no equal.
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: The God of the Qurhān, described as majestic and sovereign, is also a personal God; he is viewed as being nearer to man than man's jugular vein, and, whenever a person in need or distress calls him, he responds.
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: The rate of intermarriage among Jews in the Diaspora increased, while regular synagogue attendance, at the very highest 20 percent in the United States, remained far below church attendance.
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: Trinitarianism, the Christian belief that God is three persons in one substance, is vigorously repudiated.
Укажите синтаксическую функцию выделенного слова: Within its own community Jewry is faced with the increasing secularization of Jewish identity in its three major centres, each in its own way.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: God's presence was also experienced within the natural realm, but the more immediate or intimate disclosure occurred in human actions.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: JUDAISM is the religion of the Jews.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: This obedience was a further means by which the divine presence was made manifest—expressed in concrete human existence.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: Although Jews constitute only a small fraction of the population of the United States, Judaism occupies a role far surpassing its numerical importance and is regarded with Roman Catholicism and Protestantism as one of the major American faiths.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: Although other ancient communities saw a divine presence in history, thiswas taken up in its most consequent fashion within the ancient Israelite community and has remained, through many developments, the focus of its descendants' religious affirmations.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: As a result of the Holocaust, Judaism has become a non-European religion; its three major centres, which together include more than three-fourths of world Jewry, are Israel, the Slavic region of the former Soviet Union, and the United States.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: As ancient Israel believed itself through its history to be standing in a unique relationship to the divine, this basic belief affected and fashioned its life-style and mode of existence in a way markedly different from groups starting with a somewhat similar insight.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: Claiming sovereignty over the people because of his continuing action in history on its behalf, he had established a berit (“covenant”) with it and had required from it obedience to his Torah (teaching).
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: Even the chosen community failed in its obligation and had, time and again, to be summoned back to its responsibility by divinely called spokesmen—the prophets—who warned of retribution within history and argued and reargued the case of affirmative human response
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: For them, it was primarily within history that the divine presence was encountered.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: History, moreover, disclosed not only God's purpose but also manifested man's inability to live in accord with it.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: Israel's role in the divine economy and thus Israel's particular culpability were dominant themes sounded against the motif of fulfillment, the ultimate triumph of the divine purpose, and the establishment of divine sovereignty over all mankind.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: It is history that provides the clue to an understanding of Judaism, for its primal affirmations appear in early historical narratives.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: It is the complex expression of a religious and ethnic community, a way of life as well as a set of basic beliefs and values, which is discerned in patterns of action, social order, and culture as well as in religious statements and concepts.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: It is this particular claim—to have experienced God's presence in human events—and its subsequent development that is the differentiating factor in Jewish thought.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: Many contemporary scholars agree that although the biblical (Old Testament) tales report contemporary events and activities, they do so for essentially theological reasons.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: Similarly, in the international realm of Western religion, Judaism has been welcomed as a partner able to deal with other major religions as an equal on such issues as anti-Semitism, human rights, and world peace.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: Such a distinction, however, would have been unacceptable to the authors, for their understanding of events was not superadded to but was contemporaneous with their experience or report of them.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: The corporate life of the chosen community was thus a summons to the rest of mankind to recognize God's presence, sovereignty, and purpose—the establishment of peace and well-being in the universe and in mankind.
Укажите частеречную принадлежность выделенного слова: The response of the people Israel to the divine presence in history was seen as crucial not only for itself but for all mankind. Further, God had—as person—in a particular encounter revealed the pattern and structure of communal and individual life to this people.