At times, fluency may have to take on more importance ___________ accuracy in order to keep
learners meaningfully engaged in language use
Earlier methods emphasized error correction while the communicative approach attaches
more importance to ____________
Language teaching techniques are designed to engage learners in the pragmatic, authentic, and
functional __________ of language for meaningful purposes
One of the most important features of CLT is pair and __________ work by which students
can learn from each other
Our assessment process looks at a range of factors – classroom organisation, teaching materials, teaching style, differentiation – so that we can take some additional or different action to
enable the child to learn ___________ effectively
Through our modern foreign language teaching we provide learning opportunities that
enable all pupils to ____________ progress
We also use a multisensory and kinaesthetic approach to teaching, i.e. we try to introduce a
physical element into some of the games, __________ we believe that this serves to reinforce memory
When progress falls significantly outside the expected range, the child may_______
have special educational needs
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Compulsory lessons in a foreign language normally starts at the end of primary school or the start of secondary school
В) About half of the EU's primary school pupils learning a foreign language
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) In Luxembourg, Norway, Italy and Malta, however, the first foreign language starts at age six, in Sweden at age seven and in Belgium's Flemish community at age 10
В) Pupils in upper secondary education learn at least two foreign languages
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Therefore, many countries such as Japan and China create education policies to teach at least one foreign language at primary and secondary school level
В) However, some countries such as India, Singapore, Malaysia and Philippines use a second official language in their governing system
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Dialogues are used that centre around communicative functions, such as socializing, giving directions, making telephone calls
B) The fine tuning of grammar coming later
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Learners interact with each other in pairs or groups, to encourage a flow of language and maximize the percentage of talking time, rather than just teacher to student and vice versa
В) Unless the focus is on the accuracy stage of the lesson, learners are corrected at the end of an activity so as not to interrupt their thought process
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Use of songs and games are encouraged and provide a natural environment to promote language and enhance correct pronunciation
B) Feedback and correction is usually given by the teacher after tasks have been completed, rather than at the point of error, thus interrupting the flow
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) What is the most appropriate language and tone for a particular situation?
B) Communicative competence is the desired goal. i.e. being able to survive, converse and be understood in the language
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) A classroom during a communicative activity is far from quiet
В) The students do the most of the speaking, and frequently the scene of a classroom during a communicative exercise is active, with students leaving their seats to complete a task
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) He continues to say that the communicative approach puts great emphasis on listening, which implies an active will to try to understand others
В) This is one of the hardest tasks to achieve because the children are used to listening to the teacher but not to their peers
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Often, the communicative approach is deemed a success if the teacher understands the student
В) But, if the teacher is from the same region as the student, the teacher will understand errors resulting from an influence from their first language
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Teachers in communicative classrooms will find talking less and listening more
В) The teacher sets up the exercise, but because the students' performance is the goal, the teacher must step back and observe, sometimes acting as referee or monitor
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Native speakers of the target language may still has difficulty understanding them
В) This observation may call for new thinking on and adaptation of the communicative approach
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Pupils in upper secondary education learn at least two foreign languages in Belgium's Flemish community, France, Denmark, Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg, Finland, Sweden, and Switzerland
В) On average in Europe, at the start of foreign language teaching, pupils have lessons for three to four hours a week
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Such activities also provide opportunities for peer teaching, where weaker learners can find support from stronger classmates
В) In foreign language teaching, the sandwich technique is the oral insertion of an idiomatic translation in the mother tongue between an unknown phrase in the learned language and its repetition, in order to convey meaning as rapidly and completely as possible
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) These features are claimed by the practitioners to show that they are very interested in the needs and desires of their learners as well as the connection between the language as it is taught in their class and as it used outside the classroom
В) Under this definition, any teaching practice that helps students developing their communicative competence in an authentic context is deemed an acceptable and beneficial form of instruction
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) This could be due to the fact that it is considered a less-academic skills than writing, is transient and improvised (thus harder to assess and teach through rote imitation)
В) More recent textbooks stress the importance of students working with other students in pairs and groups, sometimes the entire class
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) This method is usually characterized as a broad approach to teaching, rather than as a teaching method with a clearly defined set of classroom practices
В) As such, it is most often defined as a list of general principles or features
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) A teacher’s main role is a facilitator and monitor rather than leading the class
В) Lessons are usually topic or theme base, with the target grammar “hidden” in the context e.g. a job interview
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Because of the increased responsibility to participate, students may to find they gain confidence in using the target language in general
В) Students is more responsible managers of their own learning
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Being understand takes precedence over correct grammar
В) Emphasis is put on the “appropriacy” of language
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Communicative exercises such as this motivate the students by treat topics of their choice, at an appropriately challenging level
В) Another exercise take from the same source is for beginning students of Spanish
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Communicative language teaching makes use of real-life situations that necessitate communication
В) The teacher sets up a situation that students are likely to encounter in real life
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Emphasis is put on correct pronunciation and choral (group) and individual drilling is use
В) Authentic listening and reading texts are used more often, rather than artificial texts simply produced to feature the target language
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Gunter Gerngross, an English teacher in Austria, gives an example of how he makes his lessons more communicative
В) He have cited a widely used textbook that shows English children having a pet show
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) In "Listening for the Gist," students are placed in an everyday situation where they must listen to an authentic text
В) Another exercise taken from the same source is for beginning students of Spanish
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) In a communicative classroom for beginners, the teacher might begin by passing out cards, each with a different name printed on it
В) The teacher then proceeds to model an exchange of introductions in the target language
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Learners are often more motivated with this approach as they have an interesting what is being communicated, as the lesson is topic or theme based
B) Learners are encouraged to speak and communicate from day one, rather than just barking out repetitive phrases
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Learners practice the target language a number of times, slowly built on accuracy
В) Language is created by the individual, often through trial and error
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Lessons are built round situations/functions practical and authentic in the real world e.g. asking for information, complaining, apologizing, job interviews, telephoning
В) Activities set by the teacher have relevance and purpose to real life situations – students can see the direct benefit of learning
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Pair and group work give opportunities for much students to participate more actively
В) However, supervision of pairs and groups are important to make sure everyone participates as equally as possible
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) People need to learn a second language because of globalization; connections are become inevitable among nations, states and organizations which creates a huge need for knowing another language or more multilingualism
В) The uses of common languages are in areas such as trade, tourism international relations between governments, technology, media and science
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Some scholars differentiate between acquisition and learning
В) Language education is a branch of applied linguistics
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Students listening to a passage to get general understanding of the topic or message
В) Ask students to circle the letter of the most appropriate answer on their copy, which consists of the following multiple-choice options
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Students' motivation to learn comes from their desire to communicate in meaningful ways about meaningful topics
В) Margie S. Berns, an expert in the field of communicative language teaching, writes that “language is interaction; it is interpersonal activity and has a clear relationship with society”
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) The exercise puts students in a real-world listening situation where they must report information overheard
В) Most likely they have an opinion of the topic, and a class discussion could follow, in the target language, about their experiences and viewpoints
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Then the teacher might explain, in English, the differences among German greetings in various social situations
В) Finally, the teacher will explain some of the grammar points and structures used
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) They do not know the answers beforehand, as they are each holding cards with their new identities written on them; hence, there is an authentic exchange of information
В) Later during the class, as a reinforcement listening exercise, the students might hear a recorded exchange between two German freshmen meeting each other for the first time at the Gymnasium doors
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Unlike the audiolingual method of language teaching, which relies on repetition and drills, the communicative approach can leave students in suspense as to the outcome of a class exercise, which had varied according to their reactions and responses
В) The real-life simulations change from day to day
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Use a combination of the target language and gestures, the teacher conveys the task at hand, and gets the students to introduce themselves and ask their classmates for information
В) They are respond in German to a question in German
Подберите правильный ответ
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) When talking about language skills, the four basic ones are: listening, speaking, reading and writing.
В) However, other, more socially-based skills have been identified more recently such as summarizing, describing, narrating etc
Подберите правильный ответ
French is taught at lower secondary level in all EU countries ______________ Slovenia
German is taught in nearly all _________ EU countries
A method is a plan for presenting the language material to be _____________ and should be based upon a selected approach
A total of 13% of pupils in the European Union learn German _____________ lower secondary education, and 20% learn it at an upper secondary level
A total of 33% of European Union pupils learn French ____________ lower secondary level
A(an) ______________ is a set of correlative assumptions about the nature of language and language learning
After digesting the experience silently, he then reenacted his experiences in play, talking _____________ what he learned to whoever would listen or to himself
Again he tried a more classical approach, translation, and even memorizing the entire dictionary ______________ had no better luck
All student participation must _______ done at full speaking volume
An approach does not involve procedure or provide any details about how such assumptions ______________ translate into the classroom setting
Depending ___________ time, the class could respond as a chorus, or the teacher could pick individuals to respond
Due to weaknesses in performance, and ___________ because of Noam Chomsky's theoretical attack on language learning as a set of habits, audio-lingual methods are rarely the primary method of instruction today
During this time, he had isolated himself ____________ people around him, so he tried to learn by listening, imitating and conversing with the Germans around him
English is the language taught __________ most often at lower secondary level in the EU
Examples of researchers on the empiricist side are Jesperson, Palmer, and Leonard Bloomfield, _______________ promote mimicry and memorization with pattern drills
First item was a dialogue in the foreign language to be memorized _____________ the student
Given that human languages share many common traits, the idea is that humans _____________ a universal grammar which is built into our brain structure
Gouin decided that language learning was a matter of transforming _____________ into conceptions, using language to represent what one experiences
He is one of the first theorists to write systematically about how languages ____________ learned and about pedagogical methodology for language acquisition
He noticed the boy was very curious and upon his first visit to a mill, he wanted to see everything and __________ told the name of everything
However, elements of _______________ method still survive in many textbooks
However, when he went to the academy to test his new language skills, he _____________ disappointed to find out that he could not understand anything
In its______________ most extreme form, language learning is seen as basically the same as any other learning in any other species, human language being essentially the same as communication behaviors seen in other species
In order for an approach to be translated into a method
In _____________ 19th century, Francois Gouin went to Hamburg to learn German
It further emphasizes that training of each part of the speech process must _________ simultaneous
It further emphasizes that training of each part of the speech process _____________ be simultaneous
It is not a conditioning process, but one in _____________ the learner actively organizes his perceptions into linguistics concepts
It stresses that mere vocabulary and grammar memory is not the sole requirement for ___________ language
It stresses that mere vocabulary and grammar memory is not the sole requirement ________ spoken language fluency
It therefore advocates that all memory functions, all motor functions and their neurological receptors, and all feedback from both the mouth and ears must occur at exactly the _________ moment in time of the instruction
It therefore advocates that all memory functions, all motor functions and their neurological receptors, and all feedback from both the mouth and _______ must occur at exactly the same moment in time of the instruction
It was Julian Dakin in 'The Language Laboratory and Language Learning' (Longman 1973) _____ coined the phrase 'meaningless drills' to describe pattern practice of the kind inspired by the above ideas"
Language is not an arbitrary set of conventions but a way of ___________ and representing the world to oneself
Lesson development is as concerned with the training of _______________ functions of speech as it is with cognitive (memory) functions
Most books ____________ language teaching list the various methods that have been used in the past, often ending with the author's new method
Newer methods and approaches are _______________ and promoted as the only and complete solution to the problem of the high failure rates of foreign language students
Often a brief introduction to the grammar of the chapter ________ next, including the verbs and conjugations
Older methods and approaches ______________ as the grammar translation method or the direct method are dismissed and even ridiculed
On the theoretical side are Francois Gouin, M.D. Berlitz, and Elime de Sauzé, _____________ rationalist theories of language acquisition dovetail with linguistic work done by Noam Chomsky and others
On the theoretical side are, for example, Francois Gouin, M.D. Berlitz, and Elime de Sauzé, whose rationalist theories of language acquisition dovetail with linguistic work ______________ by Noam Chomsky and others
The chapter usually ended ___________ a short reading exercise
The mainstay of the chapter was "pattern practice," which were _____________expecting "automatic" responses from the student(s) as a noun, verb conjugation, or agreeing adjective was to be inserted in the blank in the text (or during the teacher's pause)
The method bases its methodology ________ a speech pathology model
The proprioceptive language learning method (commonly called the Feedback training method) emphasizes simultaneous development of __________ functions as all part of a comprehensive language learning process
The proprioceptive method bases its methodology _______________ a speech pathology model
The proprioceptive method, therefore, emphasizes spoken language training, and is primarily used by those wanting to perfect ______________ speaking ability in a target language
The proprioceptive method, therefore, emphasizes ___________ language training, and is primarily used by those wanting to perfect their speaking ability in a target language
The rivalry of the two camps is intense, with little communication or cooperation _________________ them
The teacher could have the student use the book or not use it, relative to _____________ homework was assigned
There have been two major _____________ in the field of language learning; the empirical and theoretical, and these have almost completely separate histories, with each gaining ground over the other at one point in time or another
There was a vocabulary list, sometimes with translations __________ the mother tongue
These methods follow from the basic empiricist position that language acquisition basically results ________________ habits formed by conditioning and drilling
These new methods are usually presented as coming only from the author's mind, as the authors generally give no credence to what _______ before and do not explain how it relates to the new method
These theories have led to a wider variety of teaching methods ranging from the ________________ method to Gouin's "series method" to the direct methods of Berlitz and de Sauzé
These theories have led to a wider variety of ________ methods ranging from the grammar-translation method to Gouin's "series method" to the direct methods of Berlitz and de Sauzé
They worked on setting language teaching principles and approaches based on linguistic and psychological theories, but they ______________ many of the specific practical details for others to devise
This allows us to create sentences that we have never heard before but that can still be immediately ________________ by anyone who understands the specific language being spoken
This follows from the rationalist position that man is ___________ to think and that language use is a uniquely human trait impossible in other species
Those looking at the history of foreign-language education in the 20th century and the methods of teaching ________________ be tempted to think that it is a history of failure
Thus, according to the proprioceptive method, "all student participation must _____________ done at full speaking volume"
Trying again, he similarly memorized the 800 root words of the language as ____________ as re-memorizing the grammar and verb forms
When he returned home, he found that his three-year-old nephew had learned ________ speak French
While sometimes confused, the _____________ "approach", "method" and "technique" are hierarchical concepts
With ___________ methods, students generate original and meaningful sentences to gain a functional knowledge of the rules of grammar
With _____________ methods, students generate original and meaningful sentences to gain a functional knowledge of the rules of grammar
________ optimum effectiveness, it maintains that each of the components of second language acquisition must be encountered simultaneously
___________ on his experience as a Latin teacher, he thought the best way to do this would be memorize a German grammar book and a table of its 248 irregular verbs
________________ the high rate of foreign language teaching in schools, the number of adults claiming to speak a foreign language is generally lower than might be expected
The mind receives real-time feedback from both hearing and neurological receptors of the mouth and related organs in __________ to constantly regulate the store of vocabulary and grammar memory in the mind during speech
A number of large-scale investigations about language learning and the increased emphasis ____________ reading skills in the 1920s led to the notion of "vocabulary control"
According to this method, printed language and text must be ______________ away from second language learner for as long as possible, just as a first language learner does not use printed word until he has good grasp of speech
All above items must be avoided because they hinder the acquisition ___ a good oral proficiency
Although this approach is all but unknown among language teachers today, elements of it have had long lasting ___________ on language teaching, being the basis of many widely-used English as a Second/Foreign Language textbooks as late as the 1980s
Another exercise involved ____________ the teacher solicit a sequence of sentences by basically ask him/her what s/he would do next
Emphasis ____________ this point led to the approach's second name
F.Gouin did not observe the child's _______________language development such as naming (where only nouns are learned) or the role that stories have in human language development
F.Gouin would write a series in two___________ : one with the complete sentences and the other with only the verb
Francois Gouin also discovered a second insight into memory ___________ "incubation"
Gouin also noticed that ______________ organize concepts in succession of time, relating a sequence of concepts in the same order
Gouin felt that such direct "translation" of experience into____________ , makes for a "living language"
Gouin found that if the series of sentences are shuffled, _______________ memorization becomes nearly impossible
Gouin preceded psycholinguistic theory of ___________ 20th century
Gouin suggested that students learn a language ____________ quickly and retain it better if it is presented through a chronological sequence of events
Gouin’s course was organized on elements of ___________ society and the natural world
He estimated that a language could be ____________ with 800 to 900 hours of instruction over a series of 4000 exercises and no homework
However, its emphasis on oral practice, grammar and sentence patterns still finds widespread support among language teachers and remains popular in countries ____________ foreign language syllabuses are still heavily based on grammar
However, the real weakness is _____________ the method is entirely based on one experience of a three-year-old
It advocates teaching of oral skills ___________ the expense of every traditional aim of language teaching
It provides a motivating start as the learner _____ using a foreign language almost immediately
It was assumed that mastery of ____________ words would greatly aid reading comprehension
It was discovered that languages have a core basic _________ of about 2,000 words that occurred frequently in written texts
Last _____________ not least, all language points were to be presented in "situations"
Learning of writing and spelling should be delayed until after the printed word ________ been introduced
Lessons progress to verb forms and other grammatical structures ____________ the goal of learning about thirty new words per lesson
Linguistic concepts take time to settle in the ___________
Many of the structural elements of this approach were called into question in the 1960s, causing modifications of this method that lead to Communicative ___________ teaching
One of which is the teaching of subjective language, ____________ the students must make judgments about what is experienced in the world as such do not relate easily to one single common experience
Parallel to this was the notion of "grammar control", emphasizing the sentence patterns most-commonly ____________ in spoken conversation
Proponent claim that this approach leads to students' acquiring good habits to ____________ repeated in their corresponding situations
Students learn sentences based on an action ______________ as leaving a house in the order in which such would be performed
Such methods rely on directly representing an experience into a linguistic construct _____________ than relying on abstractions like mimicry, translation and memorizing grammar rules and vocabulary
Such patterns were incorporated _______________ dictionaries and handbooks for students
Teaching methods stress PPP
The direct method was established in Germany _____ France around 1900
The idea was that each of the exercises would force the student to ___________ about the vocabulary in terms of its relationship with the natural world
The learner must use the new concepts frequently after presentation, either by thinking _________ by speaking, in order to master them
The main proposed benefit was that such theoretically-based organization of content ____________ result in a less-confusing sequence of learning events with better contextualization of the vocabulary and grammatical patterns presented
The method relies on a step-by-step progression based _____________ question-and-answer sessions which begin with naming common objects such as doors, pencils, floors, etc
The origins of ___________ language education are in the study and teaching of Latin in the 17th century
The principle difference between the oral approach and the direct method was that methods devised under this approach would have
The study of Latin diminished from the study of a ____________ language to be used in the real world to a subject in the school curriculum
The _____________ method is a variety of the direct method in that experiences are directly connected to the target language
The _____________ method operates on the idea that second language learning must be an imitation of first language learning
The ______________ method, sometimes also called natural method, is a method that refrains from using the learners' native language and just uses the target language
They attempted to formally develop a scientifically-_______________ approach to teaching English than was evidenced by the Direct Method
They were familiar __________ the Direct method as well as the work of 19th century applied linguists such as Otto Jesperson and Daniel Jones
This is the natural way humans learn any language – a child never ___________ on another language to learn its first language
This method places great stress on correct pronunciation and the target language __________ outset
What distinguishes the series method from the ___________ method is that vocabulary must be learned by translation from the native language, at least in the beginning
While F.Gouin believed that language was rule-governed, he did not believe it should be explicitly ___________
While there is evidence that the method ___________ work extremely well, it has some serious flaws
With only the verb elements visible, he would have students _____________the sequence of actions in full sentences of no more than twenty-five sentences
A modern foreign language forms part of the school curriculum policy to provide a broad and ______________ education to all children
A small percentage of teaching time (1-5% per week) is dedicated to a typical FLEX program, with the time spent exploring one or more languages or presenting information about language ________
Activities requiring pair and group work give learners a safe opportunity to test ideas before actually ____________ out in public and lead to the presentation of more highly developed ideas
Classroom goals are focused _________ in all the components of communicative competence; they are not restricted to grammatical or linguistic competence
Descriptive linguists seem to claim unhesitatingly that there were no scientifically-based language teaching methods __________ their work (which led to the audio-lingual method developed for the U.S. Army in World War II)
Error correction is another point to elaborate on ___________far as CLT is concerned
Even the "reading knowledge" ___________ for a PhD degree is comparable only to what second-year language students read
Firstly, we believe that ____________ children really enjoy learning to speak another language
Fluency and accuracy are seen __________ complementary principles underlying communicative techniques
Foreign Language Exploratory or Foreign Language Experience (FLEX) programs _________ one approach to initiating foreign language instruction for children
Francois Gouin found that his carefully-constructed sentences often caused _______ German speakers to laugh
Further, in order to train memory, after initial acquaintance with the sentences being repeated, "all verbal language drills must be done as a response to the narrated sentences ____________ the student must repeat entirely apart from reading a text"
Grammar and translation should also_____ avoided because this would involve the application of the learner's first - language
Gouin found that people will memorize events in a logical sequence, even __________they are not presented in that order
However, anecdotal evidence for successful second or foreign language learning is easy to find, leading to a discrepancy between these cases and the failure of _________ most language programs, which helps make the research of second language acquisition emotionally charged
In addition, such activities help learners complement each other in terms of knowledge and skills, which results in greater __________ in the framework of task-based processes
In our school we teach a foreign language (French) to all Key Stage 2 children ________ part of the normal school curriculum
In our school we teach a foreign language as part of the normal school ___________
In some cases, the primary focus is ___________ world cultures
In the communicative classroom, students ultimately have _________ use the language, productively and receptively, in unrehearsed contexts
Included in the elementary or middle school curriculum, the programs are conducted with frequent, regular classes in a short time frame or with short, less regular classes ________ a longer time period
Innovation ___________ foreign language teaching began in the 19th century and became very rapid in the 20th century
It is also often inferred or even stated ___________ older methods were completely ineffective
It is recommended that the instructor __________ intervening in a role play with error corrections not to discourage the students
It is widely ___________ that the early acquisition of a foreign language facilitates the learning of other foreign languages later in life
It led to a number of different and sometimes conflicting methods, _____________ trying to be a major improvement over the previous or contemporary methods
Language proficiency and teacher certification vary according to program ______ and state certification requirements
Linguistic structures do not represent the central focus but rather aspects of language ________ enable the learner to accomplish those purposes
Most books on language teaching list the various methods that have been used in the past, often ____________ with the author's new method
Newer methods and approaches _____________ invented and promoted
Older methods and approaches such as the grammar translation method or the direct method are dismissed and _________ ridiculed
One reason for this situation is that proponents of new methods ___________ so sure that their ideas are so new and so correct that they could not conceive that the older ones have enough validity to cause controversy
Only very few researchers who are native English speakers can read and assess information ____________ in languages other than English
Programs are usually not part of an articulated sequence, although they may be _________ in preparation for sequential courses
Secondly, we also believe that the earlier a child is exposed to a foreign language, _________ faster the language in question is acquired
Since the birth of CLT, errors _________ been regarded as natural phenomena in the process of learning English
Some programs introduce basic phrases in a __________ of languages in order to sharpen listening skills and familiarize students with the notion that thoughts can be expressed in another language
Students have the opportunity to develop fluency __________ any pressure coming from their teacher
Students' sociolinguistic competence is also improved as these activities enable learners to negotiate meaning and to ___________ problems in various socially demanding situations
Students’ motivational level is likely _________ increase
Thus _________ mother tongue is not necessary to learn a foreign language
The aims and objectives of learning a modern foreign language in primary school is to foster an interest in learning ____________ languages
The aims and objectives of learning a modern foreign language in primary school is to introduce young children to another language in a way that __________ enjoyable and fun
The class teacher teaches _________ language and has access to interactive resources if necessary
The course helps students understand how languages are related, with special focus _________ Latin and the Romance languages
The curriculum that we follow is based on the guidance given in the revised __________ Curriculum
The oral approach _______________ developed from the 1930s to the 1960s by British applied linguists such as Harold Palmer and A.S. Hornsby
The relationship of English __________ other languages is studied through roots, prefixes, suffixes, and related and borrowed words
These linguists worked on setting language teaching principles and approaches based on linguistic and psychological theories, but they ____________ many of the specific practical details for others to devise
These new methods are usually presented as coming only from the author's mind, as the authors generally give no credence to what ___________ done before and do not explain how it relates to the new method
These programs often help students to decide __________language to study in later grades
These programs __________ usually incorporated into the social studies curriculum
This approach gives all students the opportunity to explore various languages and the cultures of the people _________ speak them
This ensures that our teaching is matched ___________ the child’s needs
This was ___________ turn caused by emphasis on new scientific advances, which has tended to blind researchers to precedents in older work
Thompson suggests that with pair and group work, students can produce a greater amount of language output than they would produce in teacher-centered ___________
Those looking at the history of foreign-language education in the 20th century and the methods of teaching might ___________ tempted to think that it is a history of failure
Very few students in U.S. universities who have a foreign language as a major manage to reach something _______________ "minimum professional proficiency"
We build children’s confidence _________ constant praise for any contribution they make in the foreign language, however tentative
We emphasise the listening and speaking skills ___________ the reading and writing skills
We realise that this approach serves to develop a positive attitude in the children ___________ the learning of modern foreign languages
We sometimes ___________ puppets and soft toys to demonstrate the foreign language
We teach a foreign language to children in Key Stage 2 _________ approximately an hour a week
We use a variety of techniques to encourage the children to have an active engagement in the modern foreign language: these include
We ___________ the lessons as entertaining and enjoyable as possible
_______ most FLEX programs aim to give students a foundation for foreign language study
________ curriculum allows us to consider each child’s attainment and progress against expected levels
__________ our school we teach a modern foreign language to all children, whatever their ability
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