Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) 1995 European Commission’s White Paper "Teaching and learning – Towards the learning society", stated that "upon completing initial training, everyone should be proficient in two Community foreign languages"
В) The Lisbon Summit of 2000 defined languages as one of the five key skills
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Compulsory lessons in a foreign language normally starts at the end of primary school or the start of secondary school
В) About half of the EU's primary school pupils learning a foreign language
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) In Luxembourg, Norway, Italy and Malta, however, the first foreign language starts at age six, in Sweden at age seven and in Belgium's Flemish community at age 10
В) Pupils in upper secondary education learn at least two foreign languages
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) The mother tongue equivalent can be given almost as an aside, with a slight break in the flow of speech to mark it as an intruder
В) When modeling a dialogue sentence for students to repeat, the teacher not only gives an oral mother tongue equivalent for unknown words or phrases, but repeats the foreign language phrase before students imitate it
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Therefore, many countries such as Japan and China create education policies to teach at least one foreign language at primary and secondary school level
В) However, some countries such as India, Singapore, Malaysia and Philippines use a second official language in their governing system
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Pupils in upper secondary education learn at least two foreign languages in Belgium's Flemish community, France, Denmark, Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg, Finland, Sweden, and Switzerland
B) On average in Europe, at the start of foreign language teaching, pupils have lessons for three to four hours a week
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) According to GAO (2010) many Chinese people are giving enormous importance to foreign language learning, especially learning English Language
B) He composed a complete course for learning Latin, covering the entire school curriculum, culminating in his Opera Didactica Omnia, 1657
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) He held that language acquisition must be allied with sensation and experience
B) Teaching need be oral
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) "Grammar schools" from the 16th to 18th centuries focused on teaching the grammatical aspects of Classical Latin
В) Advanced students continued grammar study with the addition of rhetoric
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Such activities also provide opportunities for peer teaching, where weaker learners can find support from stronger classmates
В) In foreign language teaching, the sandwich technique is the oral insertion of an idiomatic translation in the mother tongue between an unknown phrase in the learned language and its repetition, in order to convey meaning as rapidly and completely as possible
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) This could be due to the fact that it is considered a less-academic skills than writing, is transient and improvised (thus harder to assess and teach through rote imitation)
В) More recent textbooks stress the importance of students working with other students in pairs and groups, sometimes the entire class
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) However, since then, it has been recognized that we generally use more than one skill at a time, leading to more integrated exercises
В) Speak is a skill that often is underrepresented in the traditional classroom
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) In addition, much general learning skills such study skills and knowing how one learns have been applied to language classrooms
В) In the 1970s and 1980s the four basic skills were generally taught in isolation in a very rigid order, such as listening before speaking
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) In fact, even in 1974, at least one foreign language was compulsory in all but two European member states: Ireland and the United Kingdom (apart from Scotland)
В) By 1998 nearly all pupils in Europe studied at least one foreign language as part of their compulsory education
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) It differs from literal translation and interlinear text as uses in the past since it take the progress learners have made into account and only focuses upon a specific structure at a time
В) As a didactic device, it can only be used to the extent that it remains intelligible to the learner, unless it is combined with a normal idiomatic translation
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) It was then claimed that its study developed intellectual abilities, and the study of Latin grammar became an end in and of itself
В) Although the need to learn foreign languages is almost as old so human history itself, the origins of modern language education is in the study and teaching of Latin in the 17th century
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Language education is the teaching and learning of a language
В) It can include improving a learner's mastery of her or his native language, but the term is more commonly used with regard to second language acquisition, which means the learning of a foreign or second language and which is the topic of this article
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Latin had for many centuries been the dominant language of education, commerce, religion, and government in much of the Western world, but it has displaced by French, Italian, and English by the end of the 16th century
В) John Amos Comenius was one of many people when tried to reverse this trend
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Mother tongue mirroring is the adaptation of the time-honoured technique of literal translation or word-for word translation for pedagogical purposes
В) The aim is to making foreign constructions salient and transparent to learners and, in many cases, spare them the technical jargon of grammatical analysis
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Pair and group work give opportunities for much students to participate more actively
В) However, supervision of pairs and groups are important to make sure everyone participates as equally as possible
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) People need to learn a second language because of globalization; connections are become inevitable among nations, states and organizations which creates a huge need for knowing another language or more multilingualism
В) The uses of common languages are in areas such as trade, tourism international relations between governments, technology, media and science
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) Some scholars differentiate between acquisition and learning
В) Language education is a branch of applied linguistics
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) The schoolroom should have models of things, and failing that, pictures of them
В) As a result, he also published the world's first illustrated children's book, Orbis Sensualim Pictus
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) The study of Latin diminished from the study of a living language to used in the real world to a subject in the school curriculum
В) So decline brought about a new justification for its study
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Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
А) When talking about language skills, the four basic ones are: listening, speaking, reading and writing
В) However, other, more socially-based skills have been identified more recently such as summarizing, describing, narrating, etc.
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80% of people in the UK said they could work abroad anyway, because "everyone _______________ English"
French is taught at lower secondary level in all EU countries ______________ Slovenia
German is taught in nearly all _________ EU countries
A total of 13% of pupils in the European Union learn German _____________ lower secondary education, and 20% learn it at an upper secondary level
A total of 33% of European Union pupils learn French ____________ lower secondary level
A _____________ is a plan for presenting the language material to be learned and should be based upon a selected approach
An approach does not involve procedure or provide any details about how such assumptions ______________ translate into the classroom setting
English is the language taught __________ most often at lower secondary level in the EU
Even the "reading knowledge" _______________ for a PhD degree is comparable only to what second-year language students read
Even _______________ number of famous linguists are monolingual
Examples of researchers _____________ the empiricist side are Jesperson, Palmer, and Leonard Bloomfield, who promote mimicry and memorization with pattern drills
Examples of _______________ methods are grammar translation and the audio-lingual method
Examples of ________________ methods include the direct method, the series method, communicative language teaching, language immersion and others
Examples of ________________ methods include the oral approach / situational language teaching
He is one of the first theorists to write systematically about how languages ____________ learned and about pedagogical methodology for language acquisition
However, anecdotal evidence for successful second or foreign language learning is easy to find, leading to a discrepancy between these cases and the failure of most language programs, which helps _______________ the research of second language acquisition emotionally charged
Human languages share many common traits, the idea is that humans share a universal grammar which is ____________ into our brain structure
In 2001, a European Commission survey found that 65.9% of people in the UK spoke only their _____________ tongue
In 2004 a British survey showed that only one _________ 10 UK workers could speak a foreign language
In its most extreme form, language learning is seen as basically the same as any other learning in any other species, human language _____________ essentially the same as communication behaviors seen in other species
In some countries, learners have lessons _____________ entirely in a foreign language
In the 1960s and 1970s, some central and eastern European countries created a system of bilingual schools for _______________ -performing pupils
In the EU 93% of children ___________ English
It is also often inferred or even stated that older methods were completely ineffective or have died ___________ completely when even the oldest methods are still used (e.g. the Berlitz version of the direct method)
It led to a number of different and sometimes conflicting methods, each trying to be a major improvement ____________ the previous or contemporary methods
Less than 5% of people in the UK could count to 20 ____________ a second language, for example
Newer methods and approaches are _______________ and promoted as the only and complete solution to the problem of the high failure rates of foreign language students
Older methods and approaches ______________ as the grammar translation method or the direct method are dismissed and even ridiculed
On the theoretical side are Francois Gouin, M.D. Berlitz, and Elime de Sauzé, _____________ rationalist theories of language acquisition dovetail with linguistic work done by Noam Chomsky and others
Only very few researchers who are _____ English speakers can read and assess information written in languages other than English
Proponents of new methods have been so sure that their ideas are so new and so correct that they ______________ not conceive that the older ones have enough validity to cause controversy
Since the 1990s, the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages has tried to standardize the learning of languages ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­____________Europe
Some methods have _____________ into relative obscurity and others are widely used; still others have a small following, but offer useful insights
The ______________ view treats language as a system of structurally related elements to code meaning (e.g. grammar)
The _______________ view sees language as a vehicle to express or accomplish a certain function, such as requesting something
There are many methods of _______________ languages
There have been two major branches in the ____________ of language learning; the empirical and theoretical, and these have almost completely separate histories
These methods follow from the basic empiricist position that language acquisition basically results _____________ habits formed by conditioning and drilling
These new methods are usually presented as coming only from the author's mind, as the authors generally give no credence to what _______ before and do not explain how it relates to the new method
They worked on setting language teaching principles and approaches based on linguistic and psychological theories, but they ______________ many of the specific practical details for others to devise
This allows us to create sentences that we have never heard before but that can still be immediately understood by anyone who understands the specific language _____________ spoken
This follows from the rationalist position that man is born to think and that language use is a uniquely human trait ____________ in other species
Those looking at the history of foreign-language education in the 20th century and the methods of teaching ________________ be tempted to think that it is a history of failure
Very ______________ students in U.S. universities who have a foreign language as a major manage to reach something called "minimum professional proficiency"
While sometimes confused, the _____________ "approach", "method" and "technique" are hierarchical concepts
With ___________ methods, students generate original and meaningful sentences to gain a functional knowledge of the rules of grammar
____________ upper secondary level, English is even more widely taught
________________ the high rate of foreign language teaching in schools, the number of adults claiming to speak a foreign language is generally lower than might be expected
Descriptive linguists _______ to claim unhesitatingly that there were no scientifically-based language teaching methods before their work (which led to the audio-lingual method developed for the U.S. Army in World War II)
An ______________ is a set of correlative assumptions about the nature of language and language learning
Innovation in foreign language teaching ___________ in the 19th century and became very rapid in the 20th century
Language education may take place as a general school __________ or in a specialized language school
Most books ____________ language teaching list the various methods that have been used in the past, often ending with the author's new method
The _________________ view sees language as a vehicle for the creation and maintenance of social relations, focusing on patterns of moves, acts, negotiation and interaction found in conversational exchanges
These theories have led to a wider variety of teaching methods ranging from the ________________ method to Gouin's "series method" to the direct methods of Berlitz and de Sauzé